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부산대학교 일반물리학실험 직류회로 english version

모하메드 201721417MohamedDC CIRCUITDue: 10/10/18Purpose of experiment:We construct a series circuit and a parallel circuit consisting of several resistors and a DC power supply, and measure Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s law by measuring voltage and current at each point of the circuit.Principle of experiment:Ohm's law Metal conductors have conduction electrons. The thermal motion of conduction electrons is irregular and does not cause a net current, but when an external electric field is applied, the conduction electrons move in the opposite direction of the electric field. This motion causes a current in the conductor. Ohm's law can be written as "The ratio of the potential difference and the current between two points of the metal conductor at a constant temperature is constant." This constant ratio is called the electrical resistance R between two points, and the unit is Ω (ohm). Therefore, if the potential difference (voltage) between the two ends of the conductor is ΔV and the current is 1A flows into the conductor, and the resistance of the conductor becomes 1. In general, almost all objects have resistances, and resistive objects are called resistors.2) Connection of resistance Serial connection In the series connection of resistors as shown below, the same current I flows in all resistors. According to Ohm's law, the potential difference across each resistor isV1 = R1 I, V2 = R2 I, V3 = R3 I to be.Therefore, the sum of the potential differences is as follows.VS = V1 + V2 + V3 = (R1 + R2 + R3) IThis circuit can be replaced by a single resistorRS that satisfies VS = RS I.Therefore, the combined resistance due to the series connection of the resistors is as follows.RS = R1 + R2 + R3Parallel connection In a parallel connection of resistors, the potential difference applied to all resistors is the same.The current flowing through each resistor by Ohm's law is:I1 = VP / R1, I2 = VP / R2, I3 = VP / R3 ,And the total current I flowing in the circuit isI = I1 + I2 + I3 = (1 k. Kirchhoff's law can be described as follows. First law: The sum of all the currents at one point in the network is zero. Second law: The sum of all voltage drops in any closed path in the network is zero. The first law indicates that the charge will be preserved as it leaves the point at which it reaches the point of contact. The second law is that if the charge flows back through the closed circuit and returns to the initial position, the net energy change of the charge should be zero Indicating that energy is being conserved. When applying the first law, the current from the contact is positive and the current from the contact is negative. When applying the second law, the following promises are followed.The sign of the voltage drop across the resistor is either positive or negative depending on whether the calculated path is in the same or opposite direction to the current.When passing through the electromotive force device, select either negative or positive depending on whetherree color resistors4. Experimental Method Experiment:1. Serial circuit1) Configure the series circuit as shown in Figure 22-1.2) Turn the voltage adjustment knob of the DC power supply counterclockwise to the end, turn on the power, connect the output wire to the circuit, and turn the adjustment knob so that the applied voltage VS is 1V.3) Measure the potential difference V1, V2, V3 and current I across resistors R1, R2 and R3 with a multimeter.4) Repeat step (3) while increasing the total voltage VS by 1V.5) After disconnecting the output line of the power supply from the circuit, measure R1, R2, R3 and RS with a multimeter.6) Draw a potential difference versus current graph at each end of each resistor, and find R1, R2, R3 and RS using the least squares method.7) Compare the resistance value of the color code, the experimental resistance value and the resistance value measured by the multimeter.7) Compare the resistance value of the color code, the experimental resistance value and tresistor and find R_1, R_2, R_3 and R_p using the least squares method.6) Compare the resistance value of the color code, the experimental resistance value, and the resistance value measured by the multimeterExperiment 1:Serial circuit Resistance value in color code: R1 = 1.200 KΩ ± 5% R2 = 1.500 KΩ ± 5% R3 = 1.000 KΩ ± 5%Resistance measured with a multimeter: R1 = 1.187 KΩ R2 = 0.984 KΩ R3 = 1.482 KΩ1.0V0.2880.3380.4380.2922.0V0.5500.6730.8400.5553.0V0.8130.9961.2430.8264.0V1.0741.3201.6481.0945.0V1.3161.6242.011.280Experiment 2:Parallel circuit Resistance value in color code:R1 = 1200 Ω ± 5% R2 = 1000 Ω ± 5% R3 = 1500 Ω ± 5%Resistance measured with a multimeter: R1 = 1.200 KΩ R2 = 0.984 KΩ R3 = 1.482 KΩ1.0V2.530.840.690.932.0V4.621.681.352.013.0V7.202.462.043.074.0V9.673.342.684.035.0V11.944.013.305.006. Results ExperimentDC voltage measurement7. Discussion of resultsThere is an error in the measured value of the multimeter and the value indicated in the color resistance. If you meas)

공학/기술| 2018.11.28| 8페이지| 2,000원| 조회(85)

부산대, 부산대학교, 일반물리학실험, 일물실

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