[생명 기계 ] 바이오센서

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목차

Biosensor
Immunosensor
Enzyme bio sensor
DNA Sensor
Cell Biosensor

본문내용

Biosensor
A biosensor is an analytical device that uses cells or biological molecules to detect specific substances. It combines the specificity of a biological interaction with a transducer that produces a signal proportional to the target analyte concentration.
A biosensor has two components: a bio-receptor and a detector (Fig1). The bio-receptor is the biological-recognition elements including enzymes, antibodies, and microbial cells. It is responsible for selectivity of the sensor. The detector, which plays the role of the transducer, translates the physical or chemical change by recognizing the analyte and relaying it through an electrical signal.
The device incorporates a biological-sensing element with a traditional transducer. The biological-sensing element selectively recognizes a particular biological molecule through a reaction, specific adsorption, or other physical or chemical process, and the transducer converts the result of this recognition into a usable signal, which can be quantified. Common transduction system are optical, electro-optical, or electrochemical; this variety offers many opportunities to tailor biosensors for specific applications. An overview of the operating principes of a biosensor is shown in Fig1.

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