재무교육 및 재무상담에 대한 소비자요구와 선호분석 (An Analysis on the Needs and Preference for Financial Education and Financial Counseling)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국소비자학회
· 수록지 정보 : 소비자학연구 / 23권 / 2호 / 85 ~ 105페이지
· 저자명 : 성영애

초록

본 연구의 목적은 재무교육과 재무상담에 대한 요구도와 선호를 살펴보고 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보는것이다. 한국투자자교육재단에서 수집한 2008년도 펀드투자자조사를 이용하였는데, 이 조사에서는 11개의 주제영역에 대한 재무교육 요구도와 재무상담 요구도를 4점 리커트 척도로 조사하였다. 2,530명을 대상으로 평균비교와paired t-test, 분포도, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석 및 다항로짓분석을 실시하였다.
주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재무교육과 재무상담에 대한 평균 요구도는 4점 만점에 각각 3.32점, 3.18점으로 모두 높은 편이었고, 전체적으로나 각 주제영역별로나 재무교육에 대한 요구도가 재무상담에 대한 요구도보다유의미하게 더 높은 편이었다. 둘째, 주제별 요구순위를 살펴보면 재무교육의 주제와 재무상담의 주제의 우선순위가거의 동일하게 나타나고 있다. 노후설계방법에 대한 요구가 가장 높았고, 절세방법, 주택마련이나 부동산투자에 대한 내용이 그 다음으로 요구가 높았다. 셋째, 재무교육에 대한 요구도에 영향을 미치는 요인과 재무상담에 대한 요구도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 거의 유사하였다. 소비자의 연령, 교육수준, 혼인상태, 가구원수, 주거형태, 금융자산,가계부채와 재무상담경험 등 여러 가지 요인에 따라 달라지는 경향이 있었다. 넷째, 전체적으로는 재무교육을 선호하는 집단이 더 많았으나 각 세부영역별로 보면 교육과 상담에 대한 선호가 동일한 집단이 더 많았다. 소비자에 따라 재무교육과 상담에 대한 선호가 나타나고 있는데, 재무교육을 선호하는 집단에 속할 가능성에 영향을 미치는 변수는 연령, 금융자산 및 재무상담경험인 것으로 나타났고, 재무상담을 선호하는 집단에 속할 가능성에 영향을 미치는 변수는 성별, 직업, 가구원수로서 영향을 미치는 변인이 상이하였다.

영어초록

Financial education and financial counseling are useful tools for improvement of financial capability and financial well-being. However, financial education and counseling have not only similarities but also differences in their goals, the relationships between the educators or counselors and clients, and their effects, Because of the differences, education may be more appropriate for some topics or some consumers while counseling may be better way for the other topics or consumers.
The purpose of this study was to compare the needs for financial education and financial counseling in their subject areas. The results can give useful information on what subjects are needed by education and counseling. The results will also give the answer the question, “which is the better way between education and counseling for each subject and consumers with different characteristics?”The data of the study came from the 2008 Fund Investor Survey of Korea Investors Protection Foundation. Total number of the sample was 2,530 who lived in Seoul and 6 metropolitan areas of Korea. The sample was consisted of relatively large proportions of young, unmarried and high income consumers compared the census result. The need level was measured by 4score Likert scale for 11 financial subject areas ; saving, fund investment, stock and bond investment, credit management, tax management, risk management, retirement planning, money preparation for business, real estate investment, income and expense management, and estate planning. For the statistical analysis, paired t-test, correlation, multiple regression analysis and multinomial logistic analysis were utilized using SPSS. The main results are as follows: The need levels for both education and counseling are high.
The ranks of the topic needs for financial education and financial counseling are very similar.
The education and counseling needs for retirement planning, tax management and real estate investment are the highest. But the need level for education is greater than that of counseling.
For all topics, the need for education is greater than the need for counseling. This result implies that education can be more effective.
The correlations between the needs for education and counseling are very high, which means that counseling need is also high if education need is high. Even though education need is generally greater than counseling need, counseling also may be more effective for some subject areas and for some clients. Credit management is an example topic for which counseling need is greater than other topics.
The factors affecting the need for financial education are very similar with those affecting the need for financial counseling. Age, educational level, marital status, number of household members, home ownership, financial assets, debt and financial counseling experience are significant factors for both needs. The need is greater for the younger, educated and married persons with larger sized family, greater financial assets and debt, and financial counseling experience.
The percentage of the consumer group that prefers financial education to counseling is the biggest in general whereas the percentage of the group with no preference is the highest for each topic. The factors influencing the preferences for education and counseling are different.
The probability to belong to the consumer group who prefer for education is increased if the age of the consumers are over 50s, their financial assets are greater and they have no counseling experience. On the other hands, the probability to belong to the consumer group who prefer for counseling is higher for the consumer who is female, wage earner and living in a small family.
This result shows that different consumer characteristics can be considered to plan the financial education and counseling.

참고자료

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