정치 개혁과 경제적 불평등 해결: 인도네시아의 2014 선거와 조꼬위(Jokowi) 효과 (Political Reform and the Resolution of Economic Inequality: The 2014 Indonesian Elections and Jokowi Effect)

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초록

Indonesian elections in 2014 concluded with the election of Joko Widodo (Jokowi) as the seventh president. Jokowi defeated Prabowo Subianto with 6% margin in the final result. Indonesian people chosen Jokowi for political reform and the resolution of economic inequality. The 2014 Indonesian elections reveal the positive and negative aspects of Indonesian democracy. This paper examines the 2014 Indonesian elections and the role of the so-called "Jokowi Effect or Phenomenon" in the process of elections. The paper will answer two research questions: whether the 2014 Indonesian elections function properly as a democratic institution and what role the Jokowi Effect plays in the process of elections.
The paper draws highlights on three important elements of Indonesian elections: candidates' political leadership, political economy issues such as corruption, welfare, and money politics, and the role of mass media. As Liddle and Mujani (2010) points out, the Indonesian 2009 elections were highly influenced by these three elements and these will be critical elements in the 2014 elections. With these three elements, the paper tries to explain the success of Jokowi's election campaign and the rise of popular supports of Prabowo vicinity of polling day.
The paper finds out that the 2014 Indonesian elections have sufficiently functioned as a democratic institution. The result of legislative election bring about opposition parties (PDI-P and Gerindra) forefront and the ruling party (PD) received dreadful result as the PD performed badly during its rule. More importantly, during presidential election, progressive Jokowi leadership, which is represented by the "Jokowi Effect" has functioned as a key element win the presidential election. Meanwhile, money politics and smear campaign through mass media have played important roles to the rise of Prabowo.

영어초록

Indonesian elections in 2014 concluded with the election of Joko Widodo (Jokowi) as the seventh president. Jokowi defeated Prabowo Subianto with 6% margin in the final result. Indonesian people chosen Jokowi for political reform and the resolution of economic inequality. The 2014 Indonesian elections reveal the positive and negative aspects of Indonesian democracy. This paper examines the 2014 Indonesian elections and the role of the so-called "Jokowi Effect or Phenomenon" in the process of elections. The paper will answer two research questions: whether the 2014 Indonesian elections function properly as a democratic institution and what role the Jokowi Effect plays in the process of elections.
The paper draws highlights on three important elements of Indonesian elections: candidates' political leadership, political economy issues such as corruption, welfare, and money politics, and the role of mass media. As Liddle and Mujani (2010) points out, the Indonesian 2009 elections were highly influenced by these three elements and these will be critical elements in the 2014 elections. With these three elements, the paper tries to explain the success of Jokowi's election campaign and the rise of popular supports of Prabowo vicinity of polling day.
The paper finds out that the 2014 Indonesian elections have sufficiently functioned as a democratic institution. The result of legislative election bring about opposition parties (PDI-P and Gerindra) forefront and the ruling party (PD) received dreadful result as the PD performed badly during its rule. More importantly, during presidential election, progressive Jokowi leadership, which is represented by the "Jokowi Effect" has functioned as a key element win the presidential election. Meanwhile, money politics and smear campaign through mass media have played important roles to the rise of Prabowo.

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