한국 외교문서 속의 모국방문단 ―전개 과정을 중심으로― (A Home-Visiting Project on Korea's Diplomatic documents －focusing on development process－)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본문화학회
· 수록지 정보 : 日本文化學報 / 103호 / 135 ~ 152페이지
· 저자명 : 이재훈

초록

本研究は1975年を機に始まった在日朝鮮総連系同胞の母国訪問団事業の展開について現在、外交史料館にて公開してある1975-81年、1991-92年までの外交史料を確認してみたものである。 1975年以前にも母国訪問事業は一部有力家を対象に秘密裏に行われたが、当時は中央情報部だけで単独で進められたようであり、外務部では関連文書が確認できない。それが1975年に入って朴正熙大統領の承認とともに大々的にマスコミに公表され、本格的な事業が始まる。外務部でも関連資料が作り始められ、大規模な在日朝鮮人を受け入れることに対する計画が立てられる。この企画には多くの憂慮もあったものの、それを上回る顕著な利益があり、本事業は一気に進捗した。しかし、初期の勢いとは異なり、1980年代に入ってから参加者数はすぐ減少していく。それには朝鮮総連系の多くがすでに母国訪問を経験したこともあり、在日同胞の世代が変わったため民族的な繋がりが弱くなった理由も大きく、逆説的に平和ムードに力づけられ自由往来を期待し韓国訪問を躊躇する人も登場したりしたことが原因と見られる。ここで韓国政府は90年度に入って同胞2、3世代を目標に名節と墓参りという大きな名目を捨て、日本の連休に合わせ随時訪問という形をとり、また地方ではなくソウルと観光中心に配置し色々な変化を加える。しかし、その数は簡単に復元されなかった。

영어초록

This study reviews the development of the Home-Visiting Project for Koreans in Japan, which began in 1975, based on diplomatic documents from to 1975-81 and 1991-92, currently available in the Diplomatic Archives. Although there were some visitors to prominent figures before 1975, these visits were apparently conducted solely by the Korean Central Intelligence Agency(KCIA), and no relevant documents were found by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. However, in 1975, with the approval of President Park Chung-hee, the project was widely publicized in the media and began in earnest. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs began compiling related documents, and large-scale plans were made to accommodate Koreans living in Japan. Despite these concerns, the project brought significant benefits and proceeded rapidly. However, unlike the initial momentum, the number of participants began to decline in the 1980s. Many Koreans in Japan haved already visited South Korea, and generational changes among Korean residents in Japan have weakened their ethnic ties. Ironically, the peaceful atmosphere also encouraged some to hesitate to visit South Korea, hoping for freer travel in the future. In response, the South Korean government adjusted the program in the 1990s, targeting second- and third-generation Koreans and moving away from the original focus on holiday and ancestral visits. Instead, visits were scheduled to align with Japanese public holidays, focusing on Seoul and tourist activities rather than local regions. However, participation did not recover easily.

참고자료

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