연세대 23-2 기초아날로그실험 A+4주차 결과보고서

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1. Inverting Amplifier

실험 1에서는 Inverting Amplifier 회로를 구현하고 입력전압과 출력전압의 관계를 분석했습니다. 저항값을 변화시키면서 이론값과 측정값을 비교했고, 오차의 원인을 실제 Op-amp와 이상적인 Op-amp의 차이로 설명했습니다. 저주파수에서는 이상적인 Op-amp와 유사하게 작동하지만 고주파수로 갈수록 왜곡이 발생하는 것을 확인했습니다.
2. Non-Inverting Amplifier

실험 2에서는 Non-Inverting Amplifier 회로를 구현하고 입력전압과 출력전압의 관계를 분석했습니다. 저항값을 변화시키면서 이론값과 측정값을 비교했고, 오차의 원인을 실제 Op-amp와 이상적인 Op-amp의 차이로 설명했습니다. 특히 저항값이 작을 때 노이즈의 영향으로 오차가 크게 나타났습니다.
3. Differential Amplifier

실험 3에서는 Differential Amplifier 회로를 구현하고 출력전압을 분석했습니다. 이론적으로 출력전압이 0V가 되어야 하지만 실제로는 미세한 전압이 측정되었습니다. 이는 회로 내부의 노이즈와 기기 자체의 노이즈 때문인 것으로 추정됩니다.
4. Integrator

실험 4에서는 Integrator 회로를 구현하고 주파수에 따른 출력전압의 변화를 관찰했습니다. 저주파수에서는 이론값과 측정값이 거의 일치했지만 고주파수로 갈수록 오차가 증가했습니다. 이는 실제 Op-amp가 고주파수에서 왜곡이 발생하기 때문입니다.
5. Differentiator

실험 5에서는 Differentiator 회로를 구현하고 주파수에 따른 출력전압의 변화를 관찰했습니다. 저주파수에서는 노이즈의 영향으로 오차가 크게 나타났고, 고주파수에서는 실제 Op-amp의 왜곡 특성으로 인해 오차가 증가했습니다.
6. Wheatstone Bridge

실험 6에서는 Wheatstone Bridge 회로를 구현하고 저항값 변화에 따른 출력전압의 변화를 관찰했습니다. 이론적인 예측과 실험 결과가 잘 일치하는 것을 확인했습니다.

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1. Inverting Amplifier

The inverting amplifier is a fundamental circuit in analog electronics that plays a crucial role in various applications. It is characterized by its ability to amplify an input signal while simultaneously inverting its polarity. This circuit configuration is widely used in operational amplifier (op-amp) based designs, where it provides a convenient way to achieve signal inversion and amplification. One of the key advantages of the inverting amplifier is its simplicity and ease of implementation. By connecting the input signal to the inverting terminal of the op-amp and using a feedback resistor to set the gain, the circuit can be easily designed to meet specific amplification requirements. This flexibility makes the inverting amplifier a versatile tool in analog signal processing, where it can be used for tasks such as signal conditioning, filtering, and signal mixing. Another important aspect of the inverting amplifier is its high input impedance, which allows it to effectively isolate the input signal from the rest of the circuit. This property is particularly useful in applications where the input signal needs to be preserved without loading or distorting it. Additionally, the inverting amplifier's ability to provide a virtual ground at the inverting input terminal makes it a valuable component in various analog circuit topologies, such as active filters and instrumentation amplifiers. Overall, the inverting amplifier is a fundamental building block in analog electronics, offering a simple and effective way to amplify and invert signals. Its widespread use in a variety of applications, from audio processing to industrial control systems, underscores its importance in the field of analog circuit design.
2. Non-Inverting Amplifier

The non-inverting amplifier is another essential circuit in analog electronics, complementing the inverting amplifier in its functionality and applications. Unlike the inverting amplifier, the non-inverting amplifier amplifies the input signal without inverting its polarity, making it a valuable tool in various signal processing and control systems. One of the key advantages of the non-inverting amplifier is its high input impedance, which allows it to effectively isolate the input signal from the rest of the circuit. This property is particularly useful in applications where the input signal needs to be preserved without loading or distorting it. Additionally, the non-inverting amplifier's ability to provide a high-impedance input stage makes it a popular choice for buffering and impedance matching in analog circuits. Another important aspect of the non-inverting amplifier is its ease of implementation and versatility. By connecting the input signal to the non-inverting terminal of the op-amp and using a feedback resistor to set the gain, the circuit can be easily designed to meet specific amplification requirements. This flexibility makes the non-inverting amplifier a valuable tool in a wide range of applications, from audio processing to industrial control systems. Furthermore, the non-inverting amplifier's ability to provide a stable and consistent gain, regardless of the input signal's polarity, makes it a reliable choice for applications where signal inversion is not desired. This property is particularly useful in situations where the input signal may fluctuate in both positive and negative directions, and the output needs to maintain the same polarity as the input. Overall, the non-inverting amplifier is a fundamental building block in analog electronics, offering a simple and effective way to amplify signals without inverting their polarity. Its widespread use in a variety of applications, from instrumentation to power electronics, underscores its importance in the field of analog circuit design.
3. Differential Amplifier

The differential amplifier is a crucial circuit in analog electronics, known for its ability to amplify the difference between two input signals while rejecting common-mode signals. This unique feature makes the differential amplifier a valuable tool in a wide range of applications, from instrumentation and measurement systems to communication and control circuits. One of the key advantages of the differential amplifier is its high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), which allows it to effectively suppress unwanted signals that are common to both input terminals. This property is particularly useful in applications where the input signals are susceptible to noise, interference, or other common-mode disturbances, such as in medical instrumentation, industrial control systems, and audio processing. Another important aspect of the differential amplifier is its ability to provide high input impedance and low output impedance, making it an ideal choice for buffering and impedance matching in analog circuits. This feature allows the differential amplifier to effectively isolate the input signals from the rest of the circuit, ensuring that the input signals