코일의 자기장 측정 (Magnetic Fields of Coils)

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1. Single Coil

Single Coil에서 얻은 데이터를 이론적인 수식과 비교해 보았다. Biot-Savart 법칙을 적용하여 유도한 코일의 중심축에 대한 자기장은 변위 x에 따라 수식(1)과 같이 주어진다. 실험 데이터와 이론적인 분포를 비교한 결과, 전반적으로 약간의 차이가 존재하였는데, 이는 레일의 방향이 중심축 방향과 정확히 일치하지 않기 때문으로 파악된다.
2. Helmholtz Coil & Two Coils

Helmholtz Coil을 통해 얻은 중심축 방향의 자기장 분포를 살펴보면, 실험 데이터가 전체적으로 이론적인 분포와 일치함을 확인할 수 있다. 자기장은 x=0에서 최댓값을 가지며, 좌우 대칭적으로 x의 절대값이 커질수록 감소한다. 코일 사이 거리가 d=0.5R일 때와 1.5R일 때를 비교해 보면, d=0.5R일 때는 자기장의 그래프 개형이 x=0에서 최댓값을 가지고 좌우로 대칭적으로 감소하는 형태를 보였고, d=1.5R일 때는 두 개의 최댓값이 대칭적으로 관측되었다.
3. Solenoid

Solenoid의 자기장은 솔레노이드 내부에서 최대로 측정되었다가, Magnetic Field Sensor를 뺐을 때 0으로 감소했다. 내부에서 측정된 솔레노이드의 자기장은 약 0.003T였으며, 이론값과 상당히 유사한 값이 측정되었다는 점을 보면, 상당히 실험이 잘 이뤄졌음을 파악할 수 있다.
4. Magnetic Field Across Single Coil

Single Coil을 레일과 나란하게 설치한 뒤, Magnetic Sensor를 레일에 따라 나란하게 움직인 결과, 레일의 방향으로 나타나는 자기장은 점차 증가했다 중심에서 0이 된 뒤, 다시 음의 방향으로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 이는 코일이 대칭적으로 자기장을 형성하므로 중심에서 자기장이 0이 되지만, 중심에서 조금 벗어난 위치에서는 벗어난 위치 쪽에 존재하는 전류 성분이 조금 더 강한 자기장을 형성하여 자기장이 완전히 상쇄되지 않기 때문이다.

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1. Single Coil

A single coil is a fundamental component in electromagnetism and electrical engineering. It consists of a wire wound into a circular or cylindrical shape, creating a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it. The magnetic field generated by a single coil is relatively simple and can be used in various applications, such as transformers, inductors, and electromagnets. The strength of the magnetic field produced by a single coil is directly proportional to the number of turns in the coil and the current flowing through it. Understanding the behavior and properties of a single coil is crucial for designing and analyzing more complex electromagnetic systems. The single coil is a building block for more advanced coil configurations, such as Helmholtz coils and solenoids, which have their own unique characteristics and applications.
2. Helmholtz Coil & Two Coils

Helmholtz coils and two-coil systems are more advanced configurations that build upon the basic single coil design. A Helmholtz coil consists of two identical coils placed a specific distance apart, creating a more uniform magnetic field in the space between them. This configuration is often used in scientific research, such as in the study of atomic and molecular physics, as well as in the calibration of magnetic sensors and the creation of controlled magnetic environments. Two-coil systems, on the other hand, can be used to generate a magnetic field with a specific spatial distribution, which is useful in applications like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and particle accelerators. The design and analysis of Helmholtz coils and two-coil systems require a deeper understanding of electromagnetic principles and the ability to optimize the coil geometry and current distribution to achieve the desired magnetic field characteristics. These more complex coil configurations demonstrate the versatility and importance of electromagnetic systems in various scientific and technological domains.
3. Solenoid

A solenoid is a type of electromagnetic coil that consists of a tightly wound wire, typically in a cylindrical shape. When an electric current flows through the solenoid, it generates a strong and relatively uniform magnetic field inside the coil. Solenoids are widely used in various applications, such as relays, valves, and actuators, due to their ability to produce a powerful magnetic field with a relatively simple and compact design. The magnetic field generated by a solenoid is similar to that of a bar magnet, with a north and south pole at the ends of the coil. The strength of the magnetic field can be controlled by adjusting the number of turns in the coil, the current flowing through it, and the physical dimensions of the solenoid. Solenoids are essential components in many electromechanical systems, and their understanding is crucial for designing and optimizing a wide range of devices and technologies.
4. Magnetic Field Across Single Coil

The magnetic field across a single coil is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism and is essential for understanding the behavior and applications of electromagnetic systems. When an electric current flows through a coil, it generates a magnetic field that is concentrated within the coil and extends outward into the surrounding space. The strength and distribution of this magnetic field depend on various factors, such as the number of turns in the coil, the current flowing through it, and the physical dimensions of the coil. Understanding the magnetic field across a single coil is crucial for designing and analyzing a wide range of devices, including transformers, motors, generators, and various sensors. By studying the magnetic field patterns and the factors that influence them, engineers and scientists can optimize the performance of these electromagnetic systems and develop new applications that leverage the unique properties of the magnetic field. The study of the magnetic field across a single coil is a fundamental building block for more advanced electromagnetic concepts and is essential for advancing our understanding and application of these important physical phenomena.

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