Common Bile Duct Cancer

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1. Common Bile Duct Cancer

총담관은 간에서 만든 담즙이 나가는 간 내 담관과 담낭에서 이어지는 담낭관이 합류하여 만나는 곳에서 십이지장 내로 연결이 되는 곳입니다. 총담관 결석은 담즙을 십이지장 내로 공급하는 역할을 하는 곳에 결석이 생기는 질환입니다. 환자의 7~15% 정도가 담낭 결석과 함께 진단됩니다. 담낭의 담석이 담낭관을 빠져나와 총담관에 결석을 형성하거나(이차성 담관결석), 담관의 감염 혹은 담즙정체로 인하여 처음부터 총담관 안에서 결석이 만들어지는 경우(일차성 담관결석)가 있습니다. 총담관 내에서 만들어지는 결석은 세균 및 기생충 감염과 관련이 되어 있으므로, 담관결석에 대한 치료 후 재발방지를 위해 원인제거를 해야합니다.

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1. Common Bile Duct Cancer

Common bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that originates in the bile ducts. The bile ducts are a network of tubes that carry bile, a digestive fluid, from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine. This type of cancer is relatively uncommon, accounting for only about 3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. The exact cause of common bile duct cancer is not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified. These include chronic inflammation of the bile ducts, primary sclerosing cholangitis (a rare autoimmune disease that causes scarring of the bile ducts), and certain liver infections, such as hepatitis B or C. Older age, obesity, and a history of gallstones or bile duct stones are also considered risk factors. Symptoms of common bile duct cancer can be vague and non-specific, often including jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, weight loss, and nausea. These symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, making early diagnosis challenging. As the cancer progresses, it can obstruct the bile ducts, leading to additional complications such as bile duct infections and liver dysfunction. Treatment for common bile duct cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The goal of treatment is to remove the tumor, if possible, and to manage any associated complications. However, due to the aggressive nature of this cancer and the difficulty in detecting it early, the prognosis for patients with common bile duct cancer is generally poor, with a 5-year survival rate of around 10-15%. Despite the challenges, ongoing research is exploring new treatment approaches, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies, which may help improve outcomes for patients with this rare and devastating form of cancer. Early detection and prompt treatment remain crucial for improving the chances of successful treatment and long-term survival.

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