한국기업에서의 지식플랫폼 활용에 영향을 미치는 요인과 성과에 대한 연구: SKMS의 역할을 중심으로 (Investigation into the Factors Affecting the Exploitation of Knowledge Platform and its Impacts on Team Performance in Korean Companies: Focusing on the role of SKMS)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국경영학회
· 수록지 정보 : 경영학연구 / 38권 / 2호 / 433 ~ 456페이지
· 저자명 : 김용진, 하영원, 김양민

초록

SKMS(SK Management System)는 SK그룹이 상당한 기간동안 경영에 관한 지식을 집대성하고 조직내 원활한 커뮤니케이션을 위해서 지속적으로 수정․발전시켜온 한국적 경영을 위한 지식 플랫폼이다. 그러나 최고경영층의 의지로 축적되고 활용되어 온 이 지식 플랫폼의 보다 효과적인 활용을 위해서는 조직구성원들의 이해와 적극적 참여, 그리고 업무에의 실질적인 적용이 필수적이다. 본 연구는 따라서 지식기반 이론(Grant 1996a; b), 적합구조화이론 (DeSanctis and Poole, 1994), 그리고 동화이론(Purvis, et al. 2001)에 바탕을 두고 경영 챔피언십, 지식내재화, 팀 내부환경, 조직환경, 업무특성의 다섯 가지 요인을 SK그룹의 중요한 지식플랫폼을 역할해온 SKMS의 활용에 영향을 미치는 선행 요인으로, 그리고 종업원의 조직 애착 및 팀 성과라는 두가지 요인을 결과변수로 정의한 연구모델을 제시하고 설문조사 방법을통해 실증적으로 검증하고자 하였다. SK그룹의 주요회사 모든 팀장들을 대상으로 설문 조사 방법을 통하여 데이타를 수집한 후 분석해 본 결과, SK조직환경이 SKMS의 활용에 미치는 영향을 제외하고 본 연구의 모든 가설들은 통계적으로유의하게 나타났다.

영어초록

In the current ever-changing environment, firms are struggling to keep their position in the market or to grow in their revenues and profits. Several theories explain why some firms outperform competitors and why others fail to compete in the market. Resource-based view suggests that a firm’s competitive advantage is determined by its ability to obtain and defend resources and capabilities. Among the resources, knowledge is the key resource to obtain and transform other resources. However, knowledge in organizations exists in a variety of forms and resides in various places so that it is hard to utilize the existing knowledge without its integration mechanism. The integration mechanisms enable firms to take unique advantages for governing economic activities and make them different from the others.
This study proposes a theoretical model to explore the role of knowledge integration mechanism on team performance and the antecedents to the exploitation of knowledge integration mechanism. To this end, this study takes SK Management System (SKMS) as an archetype of knowledge integration mechanism implemented in SK Group which is one of the biggest business groups in Korea.
Focusing on SKMS as a knowledge platform, this study tries to answer the following questions. First, does the exploitation of SKMS positively affect employee commitment and team performance? Second, what are the factors that influence the exploitation of the knowledge integration platform, SKMS? Previous studies on knowledge platform focused on the justification of knowledge platform or the conceptualization of it without empirically investigating the role of the platform. This study proposes and empirically examines a structural model consisting of the antecedents to the exploitation of knowledge platform and the consequence of the exploitation. This study draws on the Adaptive Structuration Theory, the Theory of Technology Assimilation, and knowledge based view of the firm to identify the antecedent factors to the exploitation of a knowledge integration platform, SKMS, and the consequences of the utilization of the knowledge platform. Here, knowledge based view of the firm emphasizes that firms, as the institution for knowledge integration and use, need a solid knowledge integration mechanism, while the Adaptive Structuration Theory, and the Theory of Technology Assimilation explain how the knowledge integration mechanism is accepted and utilized.
The proposed research model consists of five antecedents of SKMS exploitation (knowledge embeddedness, task characteristics, organizational environment, team’s internal structure, and management championship), and two consequences of SKMS exploitation (employee commitment and team performance). In this model, SKMS plays a significant role as a knowledge integration mechanism or as a knowledge platform.
The survey method was used to empirically test the research model. Based on the team list of SK Group, 400 survey questionnaires were distributed and 231 responses were collected.
The results of analysis with PLS method indicate that all the hypotheses except one are statistically significant at p< .05. That is, management championship positively affects knowledge embeddedness and team’s internal structure which in turn influence the exploitation of SKMS.
Task characteristics also appear to affect SKMS exploitation which subsequently influences team performance and employee commitment. Organization environment, however, was not significantly associated with SKMS exploitation.
This study is expected to contribute to the literature in several ways. First, this study, departing from the previous studies that mostly focused on theoretical justification of knowledge integration platform, identifies the scales to actually measure knowledge integration platform and empirically tests the validity of the proposed research model. Many companies in Korea and other countries continuously adopt new management techniques and use them to improve their competitive advantage but failed to maximize the potential the tools may bring in. This failure may come from the lack of theoretical investigation into the effectiveness of the methodologies, which in turn leads to the fad-like introduction of the tools to the companies rather than the objective evaluation based introduction and the eventual disappointment.
This study analyzes the effects of the exploitation of SKMS relating to employee commitment and team performance and the antecedents in terms of knowledge embeddedness, task characteristics, organizational environment, and team’s internal structure so that the readers can understand the impact of the utilization of SKMS including other tools. The antecedents of SKMS exploitation in this study will be used to improve the effectiveness of new management tools in practice and to academically investigate the utilization of knowledge platforms in organizations.
In sum, by proposing the research model based on Adaptive Structuration Theory and Theory of Technology Assimilation, this study provides a practical basis for future research on the utilization of knowledge platform by suggesting its antecedents and consequences.

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