태국과 일본의 관계 -2차 대전 시기의 관계를 중심으로- (The Relationship Between Thailand and Japan During the Second World War)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터
· 수록지 정보 : 국제지역연구 / 14권 / 2호 / 237 ~ 266페이지
· 저자명 : 이병도

초록

본 논문의 태국과 일본이 밀접한 관계를 갖기 시작한 1920년에서 1945년 2차 대전 종료 시기까지 양국 관계의 변화를 살펴보는데 연구목적이 있다. 특히 2차 대전 시기 태국이 친일정책을 취함으로써 양국의 관계가 우방의 관계였는지? 아니면 동남아 다른 국가들과 마찬가지로 자주권이 상실된 식민국가의 형태였는지를 집중적으로 분석하는데 초점을 둘 것이다. 이를 위해 1920년부터 2차 대전 발발 이전까지 기간에 양국 간 관계의 변화를 태국의 국내정치적 역학관계의 측면에서 살펴본 다음, 2차 대전 기간에 태국에 대한 일본의 영향력을 군사, 정치, 경제, 그리고 문화적 측면에서 분석함으로써 양국 간 관계의 성격을 규명해 보기로 한다.

영어초록

The new elites of Thailand before the Second World War utilized the Japanese power for solving the internal political conflict in Thailand. Besides, the policy toward Japan, that was close, caused Thailand succeed in abolishing the unequal treaties with many countries. It means that the internal factor in Thailand at that time partly determined the policy of Thailand to be closer with Japan.
But, From general field study about relationship between Thailand and Japan, it is usually claimed that, during the Second World War, Thailand was merely befriended with Japan, not colonized. Though many areas of the country was occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army, Japan did not take control over Thai Government.
In fact, it is obviously found that Japan had a profound influence on Thai society in many ways.
First of all, Japan military influence resulting from Imperial Japanese Army with almost 50,000 soldiers sent to Thailand pushed Thai political institutions under the control of Japanese Imperialism.
Secondly, Japan had political influence on Thai political administration using treaty and agreement as their tool. In term of diplomatic affairs, it is obvious that the planning authority was controlled by Japan altogether.
Thirdly, it is economic influence. During the Second World War, there were more than 20 Japanese key companies invested in Thailand. Most of them were import-export firms highly privileged by Thai Government, and they gained excessive financial advantage from Baht-Yen currency exchange.
Last of all, Japan had a deep cultural influence on Thai society as a number of Japanese culture and language institutes flourished according to Japanese cultural indoctrination scheme.
Furthermore, Japanese culture was disseminated by book distribution to libraries all over the country. Even the Fine Art Department of Thailand made a museum for Japan in particular and set up a project supporting Japanese study with Thai-Japanese student exchange and visual education trip. Finally, Buddhism in Thailand was also intervened. Conclusively, it should be accepted that during the Second World War, Thailand is literally colonized by Japan.

참고자료

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