금융채무불이행자의 재무관리역량: 일반소비자와의 비교 (The Financial Capability of Debt Delinquents: A Comparison with Non-Delinquents)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국소비자학회
· 수록지 정보 : 소비자학연구 / 21권 / 3호 / 83 ~ 105페이지
· 저자명 : 최현자, 김정현

초록

본 연구는 소비자의 재무관리역량을 정의하고 측정 가능한 척도를 개발하며, 재무관리역량과 금융채무불이행 간의 연관성을 조망한 연구이다. 재무관리역량을 정의하고 그 하위영역을 규명하였으며, 각 하위영역(재무관리태도/재무관리지식/재무관리행동) 별로 신뢰도와 타당도를 확보한 측정 도구를 개발하였다. 그리고 금융채무불이행자와 일반소비자의 재무관리역량을 측정하여 금융채무불이행자들의 재무관리역량 수준, 두 집단 간 재무관리역량의 차이,재무관리역량이 금융채무불이행에 미치는 영향력을 규명하였다.
본 연구는 신용회복위원회에 내담한 금융채무불이행자(184명)를 대상으로 실시한 설문조사자료와 일반소비자993명을 대상으로 한 인터넷 설문조사자료를 활용하였으며 주요결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 금융채무불이행자들의 재무관리역량 수준이 전반적으로 일반소비자와 비교해서 특별히 낮은 수준은 아니었다. 그러나 재무관리행동 영역에서는 두 집단 간 뚜렷한 차이를 보여 금융채무불이행자들의 재무관리행동 수준이일반소비자에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다.
둘째, 다른 변수들을 통제하고 금융채무불이행에 대한 재무관리역량의 독립적 영향력을 살펴본 결과 재무관리역량 자체가 금융채무불이행을 결정짓는 주요한 요인인 것으로 나타났다. 재무관리행동이 금융채무불이행 여부를 결정짓는 가장 중요한 원인이었으며, 특히 목표설정행동과 실행행동 및 점검행동이 중요했다.
이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 금융채무불이행자의 경제적 복지에 관한 사회적 관심, 목표설정행동과 실행행동 및 점검행동을 고무하기 위한 교육과 홍보의 필요성 등을 역설하고, 연구의 제한점을 바탕으로 후속연구에의 제언을 하였다.

영어초록

The purposes of this study were to examine the financial capability of debt delinquents, to compare the financial capability between debt delinquents and non-delinquents, and to verify the effect of financial capability on debt delinquency.
To measure financial capability, the structured questionnaire was developed after the three components of financial capability(financial management attitude, financial management knowledge, and financial management behavior) were investigated. And then a survey was conducted using the questionnaire, and 184 debt delinquents and 993 non-delinquents were analyzed. The debt delinquents samples were who visited CCRS(Credit Counselling & Recovery Service) in Korea, and the non-delinquents were who used credit and aged 20 and over.
The major findings were as follows:First, the financial capability of debt delinquents was generally satisfactory. Their scores in all of the three components of financial capability tended to be high, and the portions of debt delinquents with high level in the attitude and knowledge were large. Within the debt delinquents, about 87% were proactive in financial management attitude, and about 66%got high marks in financial management knowledge.
Second, in the comparative point of view, the financial capability of debt delinquents was not remarkably lower than that of non-delinquents. Especially, there was no difference in the level of financial management knowledge, while the area of financial management behavior had the greatest disparity between them. The debt delinquents were more passive in every aspects of financial management behavior than non-delinquents.
Third, the financial capability itself was the most powerful variable that influence on debt delinquency. Financial management behavior was the most important, in particular, the lack of goal setting behavior, practice behavior, and examining behavior were crucial to determine debt delinquency.
Debt delinquents were less likely to do financial management behavior, so financial support and continuous education were needed to inspire their financial management behavior. And some suggestions were made in the aspects of consumer education, policy making, and consumer’s self improvement. In addition, follow-up studies with longitudinal survey of debt delinquents and with more sophisticated measures were suggested.

참고자료

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