조선시대 움집과 온돌의 도입 (Introduction of an ondol(a korean under-floor heating system) in a dugout hut during Yi-Dynasty)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 백산학회
· 수록지 정보 : 백산학보 / 79호 / 253 ~ 279페이지
· 저자명 : 이경복

초록

This writing is the research result of a dugout hut targeting Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do during Yi-Dynasty The interior facility of a dugout hut during Yi-Dynasty period consisted of mostly a blazier and ondol. This author defined a brazier installed adjoining a wall side as Ⅰ-pattern and an ondol as Ⅱ-pattern. The Ⅰ-pattern, mostly small in its size, has too tremendously inappropriate a structure for cooking equipment to be placed and its function is a lighting. Ⅱ-pattern is an effective living form for heating in the winter.
A dugout hut is divided into square-formed and round-form series according to a plane form.
And again, the square-formed series are divided into ‘呂' type, ‘日’ type, and ‘□’ type, and based on these definitions, there appears a line hypocaust flue, a folding fan hypocaust flue, oblique line hypocaust flue and bended hypocaust flue depending on the flue forms. As a result of classification, there existed 21 square-formed units, 13 round-formed units among the dugout huts whose form could be exactly certified. In addition, the hypocaust flues certified in the dugout hut having 21-unit square-form consisted of 16 line-flue units, 2-folding fan-flue units, 1 oblique line-flue unit and 2 bended flues; in contrast, there were only line-formed hypocaust flues certified in 13-unit round dugout huts.
At the 14-unit dugout huts out of 20-unit dugout huts which were certified to have unearthed relics with remaining hypocaust flue system, only white porcelains were excavated. Like this, mostly white porcelain debris were certified in the dugout huts and there wasn't any relic unearthed related to a folding fan & oblique line form among a variety of hypocaust flue forms, so it is hard to assume the developmental aspect of hypocaust flues. Nevertheless, the sudden increase in ondols was because emerging migrant people seeking their new safe residence installed ondol in dugout huts ever after the Imjin war[Japanese pirates' invasion of Korea in 1592].
In comparing the hypocaust flue of the ground structure with that of the underground dugout hut, there remains a great similarity between them- that is, the line flues of the ground structure look like those of the underground dugout hut having 呂, 日, and ○ flue-pattern and a folding fan-pattern flues look like those of 口 pattern of the underground dugout. The diagonal pattern flues of the ground structure are similar to those of the oblique line flues of the underground dugout huts and the bended flues of the ground structure is the same with those of 口 pattern of the underground dugout. The reason for such similarity between them is that the migrant people introduced the ondol, the merit of the existing ground structures, as a means of surviving the wintry weather when they began to build a dugout hut for their safe residence after the Imjin war[Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592].

영어초록

This writing is the research result of a dugout hut targeting Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do during Yi-Dynasty The interior facility of a dugout hut during Yi-Dynasty period consisted of mostly a blazier and ondol. This author defined a brazier installed adjoining a wall side as Ⅰ-pattern and an ondol as Ⅱ-pattern. The Ⅰ-pattern, mostly small in its size, has too tremendously inappropriate a structure for cooking equipment to be placed and its function is a lighting. Ⅱ-pattern is an effective living form for heating in the winter.
A dugout hut is divided into square-formed and round-form series according to a plane form.
And again, the square-formed series are divided into ‘呂' type, ‘日’ type, and ‘□’ type, and based on these definitions, there appears a line hypocaust flue, a folding fan hypocaust flue, oblique line hypocaust flue and bended hypocaust flue depending on the flue forms. As a result of classification, there existed 21 square-formed units, 13 round-formed units among the dugout huts whose form could be exactly certified. In addition, the hypocaust flues certified in the dugout hut having 21-unit square-form consisted of 16 line-flue units, 2-folding fan-flue units, 1 oblique line-flue unit and 2 bended flues; in contrast, there were only line-formed hypocaust flues certified in 13-unit round dugout huts.
At the 14-unit dugout huts out of 20-unit dugout huts which were certified to have unearthed relics with remaining hypocaust flue system, only white porcelains were excavated. Like this, mostly white porcelain debris were certified in the dugout huts and there wasn't any relic unearthed related to a folding fan & oblique line form among a variety of hypocaust flue forms, so it is hard to assume the developmental aspect of hypocaust flues. Nevertheless, the sudden increase in ondols was because emerging migrant people seeking their new safe residence installed ondol in dugout huts ever after the Imjin war[Japanese pirates' invasion of Korea in 1592].
In comparing the hypocaust flue of the ground structure with that of the underground dugout hut, there remains a great similarity between them- that is, the line flues of the ground structure look like those of the underground dugout hut having 呂, 日, and ○ flue-pattern and a folding fan-pattern flues look like those of 口 pattern of the underground dugout. The diagonal pattern flues of the ground structure are similar to those of the oblique line flues of the underground dugout huts and the bended flues of the ground structure is the same with those of 口 pattern of the underground dugout. The reason for such similarity between them is that the migrant people introduced the ondol, the merit of the existing ground structures, as a means of surviving the wintry weather when they began to build a dugout hut for their safe residence after the Imjin war[Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592].

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