혁명과 나폴레옹 전쟁의 그늘을 기록한 화가－에니어그램으로 다시 보는 고야 (The Painter who Recorded the Shadow of Revolution and Napoleonic War: Analyzing Goya with the Enneagram)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양사론 / 108호 / 105 ~ 125페이지
· 저자명 : 서이자

초록

Fancisco de Goya painted the late 18th and early 19th centuries. His paintings are grotesque. What made him create such painful pieces?Where did the Spanish peculiarity of violent impulsive behaviors come from? To answer these questions, this article applies the Enneagram theory to the history of the 15th century when Spain had been unified as a Catholic kingdom. The enneagram theory will also explain Goya in the time of chaos and disaster. This will be an interdisciplinary analysis.
Spain had completed the violent reconquista in 1492, by conquering Granada, the last defending base of Islamic rule. The same year Columbus arrived in the American continent. Spanish conquerors destroyed the Inca and the Aztec. The collective experiences of such triumphs made Spain the 8th type of the enneagram. This type show the eagerness to have the power and shows never-ending struggles for their beliefs. This inclination and impulsive behaviors created violent and ruthless responses to the Enlightenment movement, anticlericalism,the French revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
Goya, the 4th type of the enneagram, painted “Christ on the Cross,”“May 2, 1808” and “May 3, 1808.” There is the symbolic continuity of martyrs from Christ to the civilians of 1808 assassinated by Napoleon’s soldiers. As Goya got older, he chose abstract and mythical themes to show the dark side of human instincts not only in certain rulers but in everyone.
Goya gave us three major influences based on the talents given to the 4th type of the enneagram. First, he introduced low class victims such as prostitutes, prisoners, and the executed to the world of art,which had been dominated by Christ, saints, and rulers. Second, he visualized the darkest subconsciousness of human mentality. And lastly,he created abstract images, which inspired the modern arts of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These help us to peep into the shadow of the Enlightened era of the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Spain.

영어초록

Fancisco de Goya painted the late 18th and early 19th centuries. His paintings are grotesque. What made him create such painful pieces?Where did the Spanish peculiarity of violent impulsive behaviors come from? To answer these questions, this article applies the Enneagram theory to the history of the 15th century when Spain had been unified as a Catholic kingdom. The enneagram theory will also explain Goya in the time of chaos and disaster. This will be an interdisciplinary analysis.
Spain had completed the violent reconquista in 1492, by conquering Granada, the last defending base of Islamic rule. The same year Columbus arrived in the American continent. Spanish conquerors destroyed the Inca and the Aztec. The collective experiences of such triumphs made Spain the 8th type of the enneagram. This type show the eagerness to have the power and shows never-ending struggles for their beliefs. This inclination and impulsive behaviors created violent and ruthless responses to the Enlightenment movement, anticlericalism,the French revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
Goya, the 4th type of the enneagram, painted “Christ on the Cross,”“May 2, 1808” and “May 3, 1808.” There is the symbolic continuity of martyrs from Christ to the civilians of 1808 assassinated by Napoleon’s soldiers. As Goya got older, he chose abstract and mythical themes to show the dark side of human instincts not only in certain rulers but in everyone.
Goya gave us three major influences based on the talents given to the 4th type of the enneagram. First, he introduced low class victims such as prostitutes, prisoners, and the executed to the world of art,which had been dominated by Christ, saints, and rulers. Second, he visualized the darkest subconsciousness of human mentality. And lastly,he created abstract images, which inspired the modern arts of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These help us to peep into the shadow of the Enlightened era of the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Spain.

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