南江流域 靑銅器時代 磨製石器 硏究 (An Archaeological Study on the Polished Stone Tools in the Nam River Basin)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국청동기학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국청동기학보 / 16호 / 52 ~ 90페이지
· 저자명 : 이민주

초록

주지하다시피 청동기시대는 신석기시대보다 정형화된 석기인 磨製石器가 성행하였으며, 청동기시대에서 당시인들의 주요 도구였던 석기에 대한 이해는 필수적이라고 할 수 있다.
그러나 비교적 지역연구가 활발하다고 할 수 있는 남강유역의 청동기시대 연구는 아직까지도 토기나 특정 유구 중심의 연구가 대부분이고, 그에 비해 석기연구는 미진하다고 볼 수 있다. 그나마 최근에 나온 남강유역 석기연구는 석기의 개별 기종만을 분석한 연구이기 때문에 남강유역의 전체적인 석기양상을 알기에는 무리가 있다.
필자는 이에 영남지역의 청동기시대 대표 동일문화지역권이라 할 수 있는 南江流域을 연구대상지역으로 하여 최근까지 확인된 다수의 자료를 바탕으로 형식 분류가 가능한 대표 마제석기들의 편년과단계설정을 실시하고, 이를 바탕으로 이 지역 석기문화가 가진 특징과 시간의 흐름에 따른 변천과정을 파악하고자 하였다.
그 결과, 본고는 기본적으로 기존에 연구가 상당히 진행되어 시간성을 잘 알 수 있고, 공반관계 검토가 용이한 출토유구인 주거지와 무덤과의 비교 검토 및 각 기종별 마제석기의 공반양상을 통해 남강유역 청동기시대를 총 5단계로 구분할 수 있었다.
남강유역 석기에서 보이는 특징적인 형식을 기종별로 살펴보자면, 석검은 무덤에서만 출토되는 병부가 직선형인 ⅡC식, 단부돌출형 석촉 ⅢA5식과 촉신의 형태가 방패형인 ⅢBㄱ식, 한쪽 단부가 부푼형태의 석도 Ⅳㄷ식 등이 있다. 이러한 형식들은 남강유역의 지표형식으로서 추후 다른 지역과의상관관계 및 영향력까지도 상정할 수 있을 것이다. 이뿐만 아니라 본고의 석기연구를 통하여 남강유역이라는 동일문화지역에서 확인되는 諸석기 양상을 살펴보고, 청동기시대의 문화상과 관련된 선행연구의 공백을 메울 수 있는 주요한 고고학자료로서 가진 의미를 상기할 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.

영어초록

Nam-river basin is located in the southwest Gyeongsangnam-do which has been recognized archaeologist by large-scale excavation through Nam-river Dam project in 1990’s, also where has attracted the notice of the world. It have been a lot of previous studies about archaeological materials of Nam-river basin. Among others, Bronze age achieved considerable research. In order to excavated a lot of relics of Bronze Age, it have served as not only chronological study based on Mumun pottery but also improved polished pottery and extensive studies of settlement on Nam-river, new study to restoration of dwelling site and other various studies have gone through significant growth consistently. Based on the achievements of such researches, we could be confirmed that Nam-river basin had the distinguished and regionalized cultural cluster.
In spite of many meaningful attempts, there are focused on certain remains or pottery. While researches of stone tools had been limited. Though, recently studies related to Nam-river basin stone tools are unreasonable for figure out through phase of stone tools due to analyse of each separated item.
The stone tools study of Nam-river basin as a cultural cluster, represented the Bronze age, has not been sufficiently made. It is thus necessary to recognize them to be reinforced. This study aims to analyzed cultural features and historical changes by over time; and concentrate on classified polished stone tools of representative; and established stages in chronological order that have been recently excavated and reported.
This paper consists of three major parts. In the second chapter, stone daggers, stone arrowheads, stone knives and stone axe as major represented by reviewing prior studies of and the overall research on the status of stone age analysis for the polished stone tools.
In the third chapter, it were established stages in chronological order by referred to the overlapping relation in the accompanying relationship, in the stone tools based on the classified type.
In the four chapter, the cultural features by period on the basis of the changing aspect by period, analyzed and compared to other regions. As a result, extensive reviews bound to improve Nam-river basin of bronze age by divided into 5 stages.
Stone daggers and stone arrows heads getting more and more various and different aspects by relics’s trait. It determine that the tools had been reflected opinion of the people. On the contrary, In EarlyㆍFirst, stone knives and polished stone axe kind of work tools had various types that stone knives had been dropping steadily except for explosively increased triangle stone knife.
A certain tool had been stereotyped through designed to maximize efficiency. The need for mass production had increased when expanded the settlement site demanded a standardizing crop tool as social backgrounds.
The advent of‘ full equipped stone tools set’ was considered defining point in time to be remarkable progress in Bronze age. It had a important thing to their around lives when they concentrated on the selected efficient model by enable to convenient work than previous tools in the era. According to the progress, it seems to be specialized and standardized many models by purposes in the late Bronze age.

참고자료

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