국가대표 남. 여 탁구 선수들의 상해에 관한 조사연구 (The Sport injuries of Korean national male and female tabble-tennis Players)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국코칭능력개발원
· 수록지 정보 : 코칭능력개발지 / 13권 / 3호 / 127 ~ 135페이지
· 저자명 : 김용연, 안호정

초록

본 연구는 국가대표 남, 여 탁구 선수들의 훈련과 경기에서 발생되는 상해의 유형과 원인, 그리고 발병률에 대한 실태조사와 분석을통하여 엘리트 선수들의 스포츠 손상에 의한 시합결과에 부정적 영향을 미치는 확률을 줄일 수 있도록 선수 및 지도자들에게 상해예방은 물론 치료의 근본적인 대비책을 모색하여 효율적인 선수 관리에 적용할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 대상은 2011년 남, 여 국가대표 및 상비군 선발전을 거쳐서 선발된 인원으로 하였으며, 최근 1년 사이에 발상된 스포츠 상해의경험여부와 빈도(2문항), 상해부위(3문항), 상해시기(3문항), 상해원인(1문항), 상해치료방법과 상태(5문항) 그리고 스포츠 상해 예방법(2문항)등 총 16문항에 대하여 조사항목별로 각 문항별 기술통계를 실시하였고 목적에 따라서 빈도분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째,상해의 경험여부와 빈도에서는 다양한 국제 대회 및 국내 대회 일정의 소화로 인해 남, 여 모두에서 최소 1회 이상의 상해 발생 빈도를 나타냈다. 둘째, 상해 발생 부위에 대한 조사결과 남, 여 모두 어깨, 허리, 발목 순으로 나타났고 상해발생 부위 중 손상 받은 부위는 남자와 여자 모두 근육으로 나타났으며, 선수생활 중 가장 많은 손상의 병명으로는 남자가 근육통, 염증, 파열 순으로 그리고 여자에서는 염증, 근육통, 파열 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상해 발생의 계절 및 시기에서는 남, 여 모두 겨울과 연습중 상해가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났고, 남자가 오전, 여자가 오후에 상해를 가장 많이 입는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 상해 발생의 원인은 남자가 지나친 훈련과 체력, 여자가 본인의 실수와 지나친 훈련으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 상해치료방법과 상태에서는 최초 손상 시 남자는 코칭스텝, 여자는 상해상태에서 병원의사를 가장 많이 찾았고, 상해 발생 후 치료방법으로는 남, 여 모두 의사/물리치료사를 찾는 것으로 나타났으며, 가장 효과를 본 치료방법으로는 남자가 냉찜질, 여자는 물리치료가 가장 효과를 본 치료방법으로 나타났다. 또한 상해 시 휴식기간은 1주미만 그리고 불완전한 상태에서 다시 경기 및 연습에 복귀하는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 상해예방법 에서는 남자가 약한 부위 보강, 여자는 충분한 준비운동이라고 대답을 했고, 상해를 줄이려면 남자가 적절한 운동, 여자가 충분한 준비운동이라고 나타났다.
따라서 지도자가 선수들 개개인의 체력 및 기술의 특성을 과학적 연구결과 및 근거에 바탕을 두고 보다 체계적이고 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 운동프로그램 개발, 선수 개인별신상카드 작성, 지정병원과의 효율적 관계 형성 그리고 선수트레이너 및 물리치료사와 협조 등의 방법 등을 보다 과학적으로 활용한다면 탁구 엘리트 선수들의 상해 예방에 많은 도움이 되리라 사료된다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study is to examdine a fundamental measure for the prevention and treatment of the sports injuries of male and female national table-tennis players during the training and the competitions by investigating and analyzing the statistics of the injuries. This countermeasure will be provided to both of the players and their trainers with a view to reduce the possibility of negative impacts by such sport injuries to the outcomes of the matches and to be provided as a fundamental data for the management of the players. The samples of the study were selected from the male and female table-tennis players who qualified in the National Player Qualification Competition of 2011. And, a survey was conducted on them with the questions concerning the experience of injuries and the frequencies thereof (2 items), the part that suffered injury (3 items), when the injuries happened (3 items), causes of the injury (1 item) and the treatment and the current condition of the injury (5 items), as well as the preventive measures for the sport injuries (2 items), summing up to 16questions. A technical statistics analysis was conducted for each of the survey items, and frequency analysis was also carried out in accordance with the purpose of this study. The result showed that, firstly, as for the experience of the injuries and the frequency thereof, all of the male and female samples turned out to have suffered at least one or more injuries due to participation in various international and domestic competitions.
Secondly, the survey on the part that suffered the injury revealed that both of the male and female players suffered injuries on the shoulders most frequently, followed by the waist and ankle. And, in the parts that suffered the injuries, the majority of the samples appeared to have suffered damages in the muscles. The most frequently suffered injury over the entire career for the players were, in case of the male players, in the order of myalgia, inflammation, and rupture. As for the female players, the most frequently suffered injury over the entire career was inflammation, followed by myalgia. Thirdly, for both male and female players, the majority of the injuries were happening during the winter season, when they were training. And, male players appeared to have more injuries in the morning, while the female players had most of their injuries in the afternoon. Fourth,the cause of the injuries was mainly, for male players, overworking and stamina, while for the female player it was the mistakes and overworking. Fifth, the analysis on the treatment and the current condition of the injuries revealed that, immediately after the injuries, the male players were mostly treated by their coaching staffs,while the female players were treated by the doctors from hospitals. After the initial treatment, the majority of the male players answered that cold-pack was the most effective in mitigating the symptom, while the female players answered a physical therapy was the most effective. It was also revealed that the majority of the national players returned to practicing and matches after a break of 1 week or shorter only, that is, as they still did not fully recovered from the injuries. Sixth, the preventive measures for the male players was the reinforcement of the weaker parts, while the female players mostly answered that their preventive countermeasure was to take a sufficient warm-up. And, both of the male and female players appeared to think the most important thing to prevent injuries was taking warm-ups sufficiently. Therefore, it turned out to be of necessity for the coaching staffs and the players to base the physical capability and the technical tendencies of themselves on the results of the scientific examinations. Also, it was suggested in this study that the development of more efficient and systematic training programs, making and managing personal history cards for the players, establishment of an efficient and cooperative relationship with the designated medical centers,and a more scientific way to cooperate for the trainers and the physical therapists, etc., could prevent the injuries of these elite table-tennis players.

참고자료

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