영성에 기반한 명상상담 모형탐색 -보조국사의 『수심결』을 중심으로 (Exploring About Spirituality Based Meditation Counselling Model)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 보조사상연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 보조사상 / 35호 / 499 ~ 541페이지
· 저자명 : 김형록

초록

본 논문은 보조국사의 『수심결』을 영성에 기반한 명상상담이라는 관점에서 재해석한다. 먼저 영성에 대한 서구 심리학계에서 어떻게 이해하는지를 분석심리학, 인본주의, 제3세대 인지행동치료의 관점들을 소개한다.
그런 다음 『수심결』을 간화선의 관점에서 보고, 여기서 영성을 어떻게 정의할 수 있는지를 고찰한다. 『수심결』에서 영성은 ‘공적영지’, 곧 텅 비어 있음, 고요함, 신령스러움, 깨어있음으로 이해할 수가 있다.
『수심결』에서 보여주는 문답은 결국은 이런 공적영지의 영성에 기반한 명상상담으로 그 성격을 규정할 수 있다. 이때 명상상담은 영성체험으로서 명상을 돕는 상담이라고 정의할 수가 있는데, 이것은 고통 받는 내담자로 하여금 영적인 체험을 통해서 자신의 문제를 해결하고, 나아가서 영적 성장과 깨달음을 이루게 되는 과정을 말한다. 이런 과정은 『수심결』에서 화두의 제기, 문제회피, 회광반조, 깨달음, 사후점검이란 5단계로서 재구성된다.
마지막으로는 영성체험의 장애를 다룬다. 여기서는 세속적인 갈망, 회피와 굴복, 사량분별을 고찰한다. 이러한 장애가 왜 영성체험의 장애가 되는지를 검토한다. 나아가서 심리적인 문제와 영성 체험의 관계도 검토한다.

영어초록

The author found a model of meditation counselling based on spirituality in "Susimgyeol" by Jinul and reviewed its meaning and its process. Of course, Jinul did not write it with this point in mind but must have simply expected many people to come out of suffering through enlightenment. However, it seems to me that this might be a process of leading them to enlightenment through meditation and counselling. In this respect the author reinterpreted "Susimgyeol". The outcomes are summarized as follows:First, in the community of psychology, the concept of spiri-tuality is defined in various perspectives: Carl Jung showed a tendency to recognize transcendental spirit or existence of soul, but refused to understand spirituality in the light of religion. In contrast, Maslow did not link spirituality to spiritual being but defined it as peak experience, pure content experienced by man. On the other hand, cognitive behavior therapy, which develops relax techniques and accepts meditation favorably, defines spiri-tuality as instantaneous sati(mindfulness) in practical terms Second, Buddhist understanding of spirituality is synonymous with the nature of Buddha and defines it as the nature universally possessed by all living things, but it is represented in different forms due to different habitual properties and karma and understood as the nature to be experienced through meditation.
Third, "Susimgyeol" by Jinul defines spirituality as Gong-Jeog-Yeong-Ji(空寂靈知). That is, it can be understood as emptiness, tranquility, divineness and sati(mindfulness). This spiritual experience is experienced by means of Hwoi-Gwang- Ban-Jo(廻光反照), which is reflective self-awareness gained through Hwadu like "What is this in the end?".
Fourth, spiritual experience, a kind of meditation counselling, consists of five stages, which are 'identification of problem → evasion → Hwoi-Gwang-Ban-Jo(廻光反照) → enlightenment → follow-up check. This process can be viewed as a good model of meditation counselling based on spirituality.
Fifth, as spiritual experience is accompanied with viewpoints qualitatively different from everyday experience, it encounters unexpected obstacles, which are spiritual. This paper reviewed three obstacles; worldly yearning, evasion & submission and Sa-Ryang-Bun-Byeol(思量分別).
This is a process of experiencing original spirituality, the nature of Buddha and original state of mind by polishing the mind, which was understood as a process of meditation counselling to attain peaceful mind and inner insight. However, a future important task is about how this process of meditation counselling should be applied to real scenes. For this purpose, case studies are required.

참고자료

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