중국의 ‘일대일로’ 구상에 대한 세 가지 관점의 제안 (The Three Perspectives on China’s Belt and Road Initiativ)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 부산대학교 중국전략연구소
· 수록지 정보 : Journal of China Studies / 22권 / 1호 / 25 ~ 51페이지
· 저자명 : 김진영

초록

This paper intends to suggest three perspectives to explain the characteristics and purposes of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The three aspects of the BRI are in fact inseparable and deeply interlinked with each other. The paper aims at suggesting the three perspectives as useful viewpoints for future research to observe and analyze further progress of the BRI.
First, the BRI is viewed as China’s economic strategy for facilitating continuous growth and preventing the Chinese economy from falling into a stagnant phase. The vast range of globally pursued projects of the BRI will serve as new growth engine for the Chinese economy. It will promote economic development of China’s inland areas and expand markets and investment outlets for the large Chinese state-owned enterprises. The construction of sea ports, pipelines and railroads will also contribute to securing supply lines of oil and natural gas, and reducing transportation costs.
Secondly, the BRI is viewed as a critical international strategy with which Beijing is seeking a hegemonic power in Asia. By way of constructing infrastructures and specialized economic zones, China seems trying to connect Asian countries and incorporate their markets to China. Through the investment of infrastructures in Central Asia, China is tapping into affluent minerals and energy sources in this region and incorporating this region into Chinese economic influence. Also the maritime silk road is a counter-strategy to contain the US naval power in the Indian ocean. It is critically important to secure energy supply lines from Middle East to China crossing over the Indian Ocean. The maritime silk road is indispensable for the purpose of increasing the Chinese power in Asia and Africa in competition with the US.
Thirdly, the BRI is regarded as China’s global hegemonic strategy to increase its global soft power and political influence. Many developing countries in Asia, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe particularly, are eager to receive China’s investments and increase trade with China. The Chinese influence in these countries will increase as the Chinese investment continues to grow. China seems to pursue a global hegemonic power through the expansion of its economic might to developing countries in Asia, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe etc. This argument is also supported by the fact that Beijing established the AIIB, which is considered as a competing counterpart to the existing international financial institutions, like World Bank and IMF.
Finally, the positive aspect of the BRI in the realm of international political economy is that it is actually able to contributes to economic development of less-developed countries. China regards it as rebalancing of globalization. On the other hand, the worrisome side of the BRI is that not a few partners of the BRI are authoritarian or corrupt leaders in developing countries. And a debt-crisis may occur in a recipient country as a result of inefficient and unaffordable Chinese investments. Recent stories of Malaysia and Sri Lanka tell that lesson.

영어초록

This paper intends to suggest three perspectives to explain the characteristics and purposes of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The three aspects of the BRI are in fact inseparable and deeply interlinked with each other. The paper aims at suggesting the three perspectives as useful viewpoints for future research to observe and analyze further progress of the BRI.
First, the BRI is viewed as China’s economic strategy for facilitating continuous growth and preventing the Chinese economy from falling into a stagnant phase. The vast range of globally pursued projects of the BRI will serve as new growth engine for the Chinese economy. It will promote economic development of China’s inland areas and expand markets and investment outlets for the large Chinese state-owned enterprises. The construction of sea ports, pipelines and railroads will also contribute to securing supply lines of oil and natural gas, and reducing transportation costs.
Secondly, the BRI is viewed as a critical international strategy with which Beijing is seeking a hegemonic power in Asia. By way of constructing infrastructures and specialized economic zones, China seems trying to connect Asian countries and incorporate their markets to China. Through the investment of infrastructures in Central Asia, China is tapping into affluent minerals and energy sources in this region and incorporating this region into Chinese economic influence. Also the maritime silk road is a counter-strategy to contain the US naval power in the Indian ocean. It is critically important to secure energy supply lines from Middle East to China crossing over the Indian Ocean. The maritime silk road is indispensable for the purpose of increasing the Chinese power in Asia and Africa in competition with the US.
Thirdly, the BRI is regarded as China’s global hegemonic strategy to increase its global soft power and political influence. Many developing countries in Asia, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe particularly, are eager to receive China’s investments and increase trade with China. The Chinese influence in these countries will increase as the Chinese investment continues to grow. China seems to pursue a global hegemonic power through the expansion of its economic might to developing countries in Asia, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe etc. This argument is also supported by the fact that Beijing established the AIIB, which is considered as a competing counterpart to the existing international financial institutions, like World Bank and IMF.
Finally, the positive aspect of the BRI in the realm of international political economy is that it is actually able to contributes to economic development of less-developed countries. China regards it as rebalancing of globalization. On the other hand, the worrisome side of the BRI is that not a few partners of the BRI are authoritarian or corrupt leaders in developing countries. And a debt-crisis may occur in a recipient country as a result of inefficient and unaffordable Chinese investments. Recent stories of Malaysia and Sri Lanka tell that lesson.

참고자료

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