탈북여성의 진로장벽 지각: 연령별, 학력별, 남한거주기간별 차이를 중심으로 (The Analysis of the Perceived Career Barriers by Female North Korean Defectors: Focusing on age, level of education, length of residence in South Korea)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국여성심리학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국심리학회지:여성 / 15권 / 3호 / 469 ~ 487페이지
· 저자명 : 전연숙, 강혜영

초록

본 연구에서는 탈북여성의 진로장벽 지각수준이 연령별, 학력별, 남한 거주기간별에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 탈북여성 546명을 대상으로 전연숙(2010)이 개발한 ‘여성 북한이탈주민 진로장벽척도’를 실시하였다. 탈북여성의 연령별, 학력별, 남한 거주기간별 진로장벽 지각수준 분석을 위해 분산분석을 실시하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 탈북여성의 연령에 따른 진로장벽 지각수준은 20대집단이 가장 낮았으며, 60대이상 집단에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 연령이 높을수록 낮은 집단에 비해 진로장벽을 높게 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 탈북여성의 학력에 따른 진로장벽 지각수준에서는 인민학교졸업 집단에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 그 다음은 전문학교졸, 고등중학교졸, 대졸 집단 순으로 진로장벽 지각 수준이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 탈북여성의 남한거주기간에 따른 진로장벽 지각수준은 사회배출 이전의 입국초기 집단이 가장 낮았으며, 2-3년 거주 집단까지 지속적으로 높아지는 지각수준을 보이다가 2-3년 집단에서 낮아지고 다시 3-4년 집단에서 높아졌다가 낮아지는 M자 곡선의 형태를 보였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 상담실제에 대한 시사점과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 논하였다.

영어초록

This study, based on related theories and former studies on career barriers, inquired into the level of career barrier perceived by female North Korean defectors classified into detail characteristics. 546 female North Korean defectors were selected and participated in measuring level of career barrier. “The career Barrier Criterion for Female North Korean Defector” recently designed by Jeon Yeon Suk(2010) was used for measurement. For the analysis of the level of career barrier perceived by female North Korean Defectors, an ANOVA was carried out. The results from the study are as follows. First, the older female North Korean defectors were more likely to have higher level of perceived career barriers. Second, as for the level of perceived career barriers in accordance with academic ability of the female North Korean defectors, North Korean defectors with lower academic ability appeared to have higher career barriers. Third, the group under Hanawon education showed the lowest level of career barriers by lengths of residence in South Korea, and it was in M shaped curve increasing until 2-3 weeks of residence group then decreasing again after 3-4 years of residence group. The level of perceived career barriers by lengths of residence in South Korea displayed complicated aspects. This study has a meaning in that it provides a basic data to prepare plans to effectively help the female North Korean defectors to overcome career barriers in the future by clarifying the level of perceived career barriers by demographic characteristics. Based on study results, the study made suggestions for practical implications and future studies.

참고자료

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