북한 농업지대별 적응 벼 품종 선발 (Selection of Korean Bred Rice Cultivars Suitable for the Agricultural Region of North Korea)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국국제농업개발학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국국제농업개발학회지 / 35권 / 3호 / 148 ~ 160페이지
· 저자명 : 황흥구, 구홍광, 문헌팔, 정응기, 조수연

초록

1. 시험품종의 형태적 특성은 중국 동북지방의 북한 접경 3 개 지역에서 공통적으로 키가 큰 장간종의 특성을 보인 국내품종은 월백, 한설, 보석, 신운봉벼1호 등이었고, 키가 짧은 단간종의 특성을 보인 품종은 설백, 조운, 산들진미, 진봉, 중산, 상주찰 등이었으며, 북한 품종은 길주1호, 원산69호 이었다. 3 개 지역에서 이삭추출이 불량한 품종은 한들, 중안, 중모1016 이었다.
2. 시험품종의 내재해성은 동항 시험지에서 발병한 흰잎마름병에 강한 반응을 보인 품종은 청백찰, 조평, 미품, 보석, 한들, 운미, 운광, 대진 등 품종과 통일형인 향미벼2호, 용주와 단기성 품종인 금오벼1호, 금오벼 2호, 만안, 수안등 15품종이었고 북한 품종은 평양21호가 저항성 반응을 보였다. 훈춘시험지에서 발병한 목도열병에 저항성 반응을 보인 품종은 호반, 오대1호, 태봉, 운장, 남원 등 32품종이었고 북한 품종은 평양21호, 하남24호이었다. 저온피해인 적고, 이삭퇴화, 벼알의 불임은 위도가 높은 용정과 훈춘에서일부 나타났다.
3. 북한 벼 재배지역 적응 품종선발로 동항에서 선발한 운광(8월2일, 711 kg/10a)은 조생종으로 수양산이북지역과 중부산간지대의 북부지역 적응품종으로 선정하였고, 대진(8월6일606 kg/10a)은 준조생종으로 수양산이북·이남지역 적응품종으로 선정하였다. 태백(8월14일, 684 kg/10a)은 통일형 중생종으로 등숙이 좋아 수양산이남평야지역 적응품종으로 선정하였다.
용정에서 선발한 한설(8월3일, 644 kg/10a), 태봉(8월6일, 696 kg/10a)을 북한 북부산간지역인 북부내륙지대의 적응품종으로 선정하였다. 훈춘에서 선발된 태봉(8월9일, 515 kg/10a), 남원(8월10일, 476 kg/10a)은 북한 동해안북부냉해지대에 적응품종으로 선정하였다. 태봉은 적응지역이 넓은 품종으로 북부내륙지와 동해안북부지역에서의 재배가 가능할 것으로 여겨진다.

영어초록

This study was conducted to evaluate Korean rice cultivars to search any suitable varieties for the northern region of the Korean Peninsula (North Korea). A total of 92 rice varieties which included 74 bred cultivars from South Korea, 13 collections from North Korea and five local cultivars from China, were involved in the evaluating trials for their performance. Stability at three sites inthe northeastern areas of China, which are located in the northern border areas of North Korea, for three years from 2017 to 2019. The ecologically well-adapted rice varieties were selected at each trial site during the first year and employed again as the materials for the subsequent yield trials. A total of six varieties with relatively better performing and stability were selected through the subsequent trials at three sites for three years: Unkwang, Daejin and Taebaek at Dandong region; Hanseol and Taebong at Longjin region; Taebong and Namweon at Hunchun region, respectively. Dandong is located in the southeast parts of Liaoning, which has similar climatic characteristics to the west coastalregion of North Korea. Longjin is located in the middle-east parts of Jilin, which has also similar climatic characteristics to the northern inland region of North Korea. Hunchun is located in the northeastern parts of Jilin, which has presumably similar climatic characteristics to the northern part of the eastern coastal region of North Korea. Unkwang is characterized by its early maturity, with the heading at the 2nd of August, and reveals a yield potential of 7.11 T/ha with resistance to the blast (BL) and the bacterial leaf blade (BLB) diseases. It is predicted to be suitable for the northern area of the Suyang mountain region and the central inland region of North Korea. Daejin has asemi-early maturity heading around the 6th of August and yields of 6.06 T/ha with resistance to BL, BLB, and stripe virus (SV) diseases. Daejin will be adaptable to the northern area of Suyang mountain region. Taebaek is medium maturing variety of Indica/Japonica type. It is heading at the 14thof August with good ripening at maturity, and has yield potential of 6.84 T/ha with resistance to BL, BLB and SV diseases. It will be adaptable to the southern area of Suyang mountain region. Hanseol is early maturing, heading on the 3rd of August, and yields 6.44 T/ha with the short stature and cold tolerance (CT). It will be adaptable to the northern inland and mountainous regions of North Korea. Taebong is semi-early maturingwith the heading at the 6th of August and has a yield potential of 6.96 T/ha with cold tolerane and blast resistance. Taebong was also outstanding in theHunchun region, indicating a more or less wide adaptability in cold areas. It is expected to be adaptable to the northern inland region of North Korea as well as the northern part of the eastern coastal region. Namweon is a medium-maturing variety with aheading date of August 10, and a yield potential of 4.76 T/ha with cold tolerance and resistance to rice neck blast disease. It is expected to be adaptable to the northern part of the eastern coastal region.

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