조선 세종대 강상(綱常) 윤리 강조의 실상 (A Study on the reality of emphasis on Human Ethics(Kang Sang, 綱常) during King Sejong’s era in Joseon dynasty)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사실학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사와 실학 / 69호 / 217 ~ 252페이지
· 저자명 : 김순남

초록

본 연구는 조선 세종대 강상 윤리 강조의 실태 파악을 통해 조선의 유교화 과정을 살피고자 하는 것이다. 건국 초의 격변을 거쳐 이루어진 정치적 안정을 토대로 특히 세종대에는 삼강오상의 강상 윤리가 강조되었다. 강상윤리가 상하의 지배 질서를 공고화하기 위한 통치 이념으로 기능했기 때문이었다. 이를 위해 군신-부자-부부의 모범적인 사례를 발굴하여 정문·복호·서용 등으로 포장하고, 『삼강행실』의 편찬과 반포를 통해 계도하고 교육했다. 또한 불충-불효-부정의 패륜자에 대해서는 율에 따라 능지처사·참형 등 강경하게 처벌했다. 세종대의 이런 과정을 거쳐 강상 윤리는 사회의 통제 규범으로 강력하게 뿌리내려 갔다. 그 결과 조선의 유교화는 더욱 진전되었다.

영어초록

Right after the country was founded, Joseon pursued a Confucian state. Especially King Sejong and ruling government officials had emphasized the Human Ethics(Kang Sang, 綱常) such as Three Principles(Sam Kang, 三綱) and Five Morals(Oh Sang, 五常) of human. They recognized that the Confucianism would be functioned as a governing ideology. And they believed that those policies would be helpful to establish the ruling order based on vertical relationships between many kinds of social classes.
Based on the political stability and the establishment of a dominant governing system through the upheavals from King Taejo to King Taejong’s era, King Sejong and ruling government officials had accomplished their purpose. The achievement was the result of joint work of King Sejong, who was friendly with his books and never let go of them, and his officials who were convinced of Confucian ideology.
During King Sejong’s era, the Human Ethics(Kang Sang, 綱常) were accepted as a ruling ideology to consolidate the ruling order in the many kinds of vertical relationships. There were special favors to a son honoring his parents and to a wife keeping her fidelity. For example, red doors were put up in front of the house(Jeongmun, 旌門), taxes were reduced·(Bogho, 復戶) or some people were appointed as a government official(Seoyong, 敍用). King Sejong composed and disseminated 『Sam Kang Haeng Sil, 三綱行實』. King Sejong wanted to implement a world of Ancient Ideal Society(Sam Dae Ji Chi, 三代至治) to Joseon society. On the other hand, disloyalty, disregard and injustice were severely punished by law. The punishment were quartering, beheading and hanging.
Through this process of emphasis on Ethics during King Sejong’s era, the Human Ethics(Kang Sang, 綱常) was strongly rooted as a social control norm. As a result, Confucianism in Joseon had progressed further.

참고자료

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