스토킹범죄의 처벌례의 분석과효율적 대응방안 연구- 「스토킹처벌법」 시행 이후 스토킹처벌법 위반 1심판결을 중심으로 - (A Study on the Special Case of Stalking Crime Punishment Procedure: Focusing on the Judgment of the First Instance after the Enforcement of the Act on Punishment of Stalking Crimes)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 이화여자대학교 법학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 법학논집 / 27권 / 4호 / 203 ~ 237페이지
· 저자명 : 정현미

초록

이 논문에서는 「스토킹처벌법」 시행 후 1년 반 정도 지난 시점에서 집적된 다수의 판결례를 통하여 스토킹범죄에 대한 처벌 유형과 양형은 어떠한지, 판례의 경향을 살펴보고 어떤 문제점이 있는지 검토하고자 하였다.
스토킹처벌법 위반 1심판결을 보면, 실형선고는 11.5% 정도밖에 되지 않으며, 벌금형선고가 32.5%로 가장 많고 그 다음으로 징역형에 집행유예를 선고가 32.1%로 비슷하다. 벌금형의 금액이나 징역형의 기간을 보면 대체로 낮은 편이며, 공소기각이 21.9%로 1/5 정도가 형사처벌 망에서 빠져나가므로 스토킹범죄에 대한 처벌이 제대로 되고 있는가라는 의문을 들게 한다.
현행법은 스토킹행위와 스토킹범죄로 구분하여 응급조치와 긴급응급조치는 스토킹행위에 대한 것이고, 잠정조치는 스토킹범죄에 대한 것으로 이분화 시켜 놓고 있다. 그러나 긴급응급조치와 잠정조치의 절차를 단순화하여 신속하게 진행할 수 있는 체계로 개선하는 것이 급선무이다. 잠정조치의 기간도 대폭 연장하여 적어도 사건이 진행되는 동안 피해자 보호가 안정적으로 유지될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 피해자보호를 위해 가해자에 대한 전자장치부착을 추가할 필요가 있으며, 유치제도를 적극 활용하며 의무적 단기유치제도의 도입을 검토할 필요가 있다. 그리고 스토킹 규제의 실효성을 확보하고 피해자보호를 위해서 반의사불벌 조항을 삭제하여, 피해자의 처벌불원의 의사표시와 무관하게 공소를 제기해야 한다. 형사처벌은 가해자의 행위책임의 범위 안에서 가장 적정한 형사처벌이 되도록 형벌의 종류와 양형을 신중히 정하며 치료프로그램 이수나 보호관찰 등 보안처분을 적재적소에 추가하여 가벼운 처벌을 받고 끝난다는 인식을 주지 않아야 한다.

영어초록

The purpose of stalking punishment law is to give a criminal punishment by clearly defining stalking as a crime, and to seek the prevention of crime by reflecting the measures to protect various victims as much as possible through the law at that time.
The current stalking punishment divides stalking behavior and stalking crime, and defines the emergency measure and the emergency first aid are about stalking behavior and the provisional measure are about the stalking crime. However, in reality, it may not be easy to determine whether it is a situation that is merely a stalking act or a stalking crime, and in this case, it is difficult for an efficient response to be made immediately.
The victims can’t know when they are attacked fatally if the proper response is not made immediately depending on the stalking, but the structure made of criminal justice system rather than police administrative action can make the immediate and powerful prevention measure difficult, which is vulnerable.
It is urgent to improve the system into the rapid system by simplifying the procedures such as emergency first aid and provisional measure with reference to foreign legislation. Andy the effective period when the measures of approach prohibition continue should be extended 2-3 times to maintain the protection of victim stably at least while the case is in progress.
In addition, it is necessary to substantially block harm by imposing strong sanctions when violating provisional measures such as approach provision. If necessary to prevent the recurrence of perpetrators, the detention system should be actively utilized, and the current arrest and restraint system should be appropriately used in practice to protect victims. It is necessary to refer to the fact that the German Criminal Procedure Act has special cases so that stalking crimes can be arrested.
Looking at the precedents on stalking crime after the enforcement of the stalking punishment law, more than half of the convictions account for the probation and a large number of fines, so it seems far from the legislative purpose of strong response. And the history of violating emergency first aid or provisional measures is not dealt with very strictly, and many probations are sentenced.
About 20% of the cases were dismissed due to the victim’s unwillingness to punish, and it is questionable whether it was because of the true intention of the victim. In order to secure the effectiveness of the stalking enforcement and protect the victim from the risk of recurrence of stalking, the provisions for no punishment against the will must be deleted, and prosecution must be filed regardless of the victim’s expression of unwillingness to be punished. And it is necessary to aggravate the punishment not only for stalking carrying a weapon, but also for cases where there is a history of being sentenced to death for stalking crime, or when the victim is a child or youth.
The aggravated punishment should be regulated for the case when the stalking crime brings the serious result, and the improvement should be made so that the severe punishment commensurate with its responsibility is possible when the stalking crime has brought the danger to other’s life or body or stalking behavior results in the death of victim.

참고자료

· 없음