특성화고등학교 학생의 자아정체감이 진로결정 자기효능감에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Ego Identity on Self-Efficacy in Career Decision-Making among Specialized Technical High School Students)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국기술교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국기술교육학회지 / 17권 / 2호 / 142 ~ 165페이지
· 저자명 : 박나정, 임나영, 이창훈

초록

이 연구는 특성화고등학교 학생의 자아정체감과 진로결정 자기효능감에 대해 알아봄으로써 바람직한 자아정체감의 형성을 통해 진로결정 자기효능감 수준을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다.
구체적인 연구문제로는 첫째, 특성화고등학교 학생의 개인특성에 따른 자아정체감 수준은 어떠한가, 둘째, 특성화고등학교 학생의 개인특성에 따른 진로결장 자기효능감의 수준은 어떠한가, 셋째, 특성화고등학교 학생의 자아정체감이 진로결정 자기효능감에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가로 설정하여 구명하였다.
연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 특성화고등학교 학생의 개인특성, 자아정체감, 진로결정 자기효능감에 관련된 이론적 배경을 고찰하여 검사도구를 제작하였다. 설문지는 개인특성(3문항), 자아정체감(13문항), 진로결정 자기효능감(24문항)으로 총 40문항으로 구성하였으며, 전국 공업계열 특성화고등학교 학생 990명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 무응답이나 불성실한 응답의 설문지를 제외한 775부를 최종 분석에 활용하였다.
연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 기술인에 대한 미래 전망을 고려하여 특성화고등학교에 진학한 집단과 학교 적응 및 만족도가 높은 집단이 그렇지 않은 집단에 비해 자아정체감 및 진로결정 자기효능감 수준이 높게 나타났다. 또한 자아정체감이 진로결정 자기효능감에 주는 정적인 영향과 상관관계, 설명력 모두 높은 통계값을 기록하였다. 따라서 진로결정 자기효능감의 질적 향상을 위해서는 학생의 학교 적응 및 만족도를 높이고 긍정적인 자아정체감을 형성할 수 있는 교육이 선행되어야 할 것이다.

영어초록

This study examined ego identity and self-efficacy in career decision-making among specialized technical high school students with the aim of proposing preliminary data to suggest ways to improve self-efficacy in career decision-making through establishing proper ego identity.
The specific research questions were set as; first, to define the ego identity status in relation to the students’ personal characteristics among specialized technical high school students; second, to describe the status of self-efficacy in career decision-making related to the students’ personal characteristics among specialized technical high school students; and last, to examine the influence of ego identity on self-efficacy in career decision-making among specialized technical high school students.
To accomplish such research objectives, the assessment survey was developed after reviewing the theoretical literature on specialized technical high school students’ background, ego identity, and self-efficacy in career decision-making. The survey was comprised of 43 items including personal characteristics (6 items), ego identity (13 items), and self-efficacy in career decision-making (24 items). A total of 990 students from industrial specialized high schools across the country completed the survey, and the responses from 775 students were used for the final analyses after excluding the surveys with unanswered items or untrustworthy responses.
Results were as follows: For differences in ego identity in relation to motives of entering specialized technical high school, the group that entered the school because of aptitude and interest and those who entered the school considering the promising prospect of technicians had higher ego identity compared to those who entered the school for economic independence. The group with higher levels of school adaptation and satisfaction showed higher ego identity than those with lower levels of school adaptation and satisfaction.
For differences in self-efficacy in career decision-making related to motives of entering the specialized technical high school, the group that entered the school considering promising prospect of technicians had higher level of self-efficacy in career decision-making than those who entered the school for economic independence and those who entered the school for opportunity for special admissions to college. With regard to differences in self-efficacy in career decision-making related to school adaptation and satisfaction, the group that adapted to school very well showed higher level of self-efficacy in career decision-making than those who did not. For differences in self-efficacy in career decision-making related to post-graduation plans, the groups that had plans such as getting a job or going to college had higher level of self-efficacy in career decision-making compared to those without plans.
Furthermore, for the influence of ego identity on self-efficacy in career decision-making, the results showed that ego identity had positive associations with all the sub-factors of self-efficacy in career decision-making, and all correlations and coefficients of determination showed a robust statistical significance.
Therefore, to enhance self-efficacy in career decision-making, education that could help students better adapt to school, increase satisfaction with the school, and create positive ego identity must precede.

참고자료

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